The Top Reasons for Failed State Inspections in Maryland

April 21, 2025

If you’re a Maryland driver, you know that passing a state inspection is a necessary step for registering a vehicle or transferring ownership. But what many drivers don’t realize is just how common inspection failures are—and how easily they can be prevented. At Spectra Auto Services in Frederick, MD, we’ve helped countless drivers prepare for and pass Maryland’s rigorous inspection process. In this guide, we’re breaking down the most common reasons vehicles fail state inspections in Maryland, and how you can avoid these issues altogether.

Understanding Maryland’s Vehicle Inspection Requirements

Maryland requires a comprehensive safety inspection before a vehicle can be titled and registered. This inspection includes a detailed review of over 25 components, including:

Steering and suspension
Braking system
Tires and wheels
Exhaust system
Lights and electrical
Windshield and mirrors
Wipers, horn, and more

Vehicles that don’t meet the state’s safety standards must be repaired before a certificate can be issued. At Spectra Auto Services, we perform thorough pre-inspection evaluations to help our Frederick drivers save time and avoid unnecessary re-inspections.

1. Brake System Issues

Worn brake pads, leaking brake lines, or damaged rotors are among the most frequent causes of inspection failure. Since brakes are essential for safety, inspectors take this category seriously. Even a minor hydraulic leak or uneven wear can result in a rejection.

What to do: Listen for squeaking, grinding, or a soft brake pedal, and have your brake system inspected regularly. We often perform brake checks in our Frederick shop ahead of inspection dates.

2. Tire Tread and Condition

Maryland requires tires to have at least 2/32" of tread depth, but we recommend replacing them well before they reach that minimum. Cracks, sidewall damage, and uneven tread wear can also result in failure.

What to do: Use the penny test—insert a penny into your tread with Lincoln’s head down. If you can see the top of his head, it’s time for new tires. Uneven wear may point to alignment issues, which we frequently correct at Spectra Auto Services.

3. Faulty Lights and Electrical Problems

A single non-functioning brake light, turn signal, or headlamp can lead to an inspection failure. Inspectors also check your dashboard indicators, reverse lights, and hazard lights.

What to do: Test all your vehicle lights before inspection. Replace any burnt-out bulbs, and make sure the lenses are clean and free of cracks. If a dashboard warning light is on, such as for your airbags or check engine, have it diagnosed before inspection day.

4. Suspension and Steering Wear

If your steering wheel feels loose or you notice unusual noises when driving over bumps, it could be a sign of worn suspension or steering components. These are critical for control and stability, making them a high priority during inspections.

What to do: Have your vehicle inspected for worn ball joints, bushings, or shocks. In Frederick, our team at Spectra Auto Services frequently finds and fixes minor issues before they become safety concerns.

5. Windshield Wipers and Washer System

It might sound minor, but non-functional wipers or washer systems can cause a failed inspection. Maryland law requires vehicles to maintain clear visibility, especially in adverse weather conditions.

What to do: Make sure your wipers aren’t streaking or skipping and that your washer fluid reservoir is full and functioning. If the wipers leave large patches or make noise, it’s time to replace them.

6. Cracked or Obstructed Windshields

A crack or chip in the driver’s line of sight is an immediate inspection failure. Even small chips can turn into larger cracks over time, so they shouldn't be ignored.

What to do: Repair or replace damaged glass before the inspection. We often recommend windshield repair to our Frederick customers early to avoid last-minute stress.

7. Exhaust System Leaks

Exhaust system issues, like leaks or loud noise, are flagged during inspections. These leaks can allow harmful fumes to enter the cabin and may affect vehicle emissions.

What to do: Pay attention to strong exhaust smells or an increase in engine noise. Our shop in Frederick checks for rusted pipes, loose connections, and damaged mufflers as part of our inspection prep services.

8. Fluid Leaks

Visible leaks from your engine, transmission, brake lines, or other components are serious red flags. Fluid leaks are both environmental hazards and safety issues.

What to do: Check for stains or puddles under your parked vehicle. Even small leaks can signal larger problems. At Spectra Auto Services, we perform leak inspections to identify and address the root cause before they lead to inspection failure.

9. Loose or Damaged Bumpers and Body Panels

While aesthetics aren’t the focus of Maryland’s inspection, structural integrity matters. Loose bumpers, exposed sharp edges, or rusted-out body panels can be considered safety issues.

What to do: Ensure all panels are secure and free of sharp or protruding edges. Small cosmetic repairs can go a long way in ensuring a smooth inspection process.

10. Non-Operational Horn or Mirrors

Your horn must be loud enough to warn other drivers, and all mirrors (rearview and both sides) must be intact and properly positioned. Any missing or broken mirrors are automatic inspection fails.

What to do: Give your horn a quick test and visually inspect your mirrors for cracks or loose mounts. These are often quick and affordable fixes that we handle regularly at our Frederick shop.

Preparing for Inspection Success in Frederick, MD

Passing your state inspection on the first try doesn’t have to be stressful. At Spectra Auto Services, we encourage proactive maintenance, seasonal checks, and inspection prep visits to help our customers avoid unnecessary rejections. With Maryland’s inspection covering so many systems, a comprehensive approach is your best bet.